Crystal structure of folliculin reveals a hidDENN function in genetically inherited renal cancer

Open Biol. 2012 Aug;2(8):120071. doi: 10.1098/rsob.120071.

Abstract

Mutations in the renal tumour suppressor protein, folliculin, lead to proliferative skin lesions, lung complications and renal cell carcinoma. Folliculin has been reported to interact with AMP-activated kinase, a key component of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Most cancer-causing mutations lead to a carboxy-terminal truncation of folliculin, pointing to a functional importance of this domain in tumour suppression. We present here the crystal structure of folliculin carboxy-terminal domain and demonstrate that it is distantly related to differentially expressed in normal cells and neoplasia (DENN) domain proteins, a family of Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Using biochemical analysis, we show that folliculin has GEF activity, indicating that folliculin is probably a distantly related member of this class of Rab GEFs.

Keywords: Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome; DENN; folliculin; renal cell carcinoma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / chemistry*
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / genetics
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / metabolism
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / chemistry*
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / genetics
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / metabolism
  • Guanosine Diphosphate / metabolism
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / genetics
  • Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / chemistry
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / chemistry
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • DENND1B protein, human
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins
  • FLCN protein, human
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Guanosine Diphosphate
  • Guanosine Triphosphate