Mechanisms of asthma and allergic inflammationHuman rhinovirus in bronchial epithelium of infants with recurrent respiratory symptoms
Section snippets
Subjects
Full-term infants (>36 weeks gestation) age 3 to 26 months with recurrent respiratory symptoms including dyspnea, cough, and/or wheeze for at least 4 weeks within the 8 weeks preceding their first visit were included. Exclusion criteria were use of inhaled corticosteroids within the 8 weeks preceding their lung function visit, a cumulative lifetime systemic corticosteroid use of more than 3 days at a dose of 2 mg/kg or inhaled corticosteroids for more than 4 weeks, nonwhite ethnicity, small for
Infants
Bronchoscopy was performed in 68 of 201 (34%) infants studied with plethysmography, and biopsies for HRV-ISH were available from 59 of these patients. Twelve biopsies were insufficient; thus, the number of specimens for HRV-ISH analysis was 47. The characteristics of these infants are shown in Table I. Bronchoscopy was performed, on average, 20 days (range, 5-111 days) after measurement of lung function.
HRV detection
Human rhinovirus was detected in 21 of 47 infants (45%). In a 3-category setting according
Discussion
We detected HRV by ISH from the lower respiratory tract in 45% of infants with recurrent respiratory symptoms. A positive HRV result correlated with abnormal lung function and occurrence of a respiratory infection during the preceding 6 weeks.
We used HRV-14 probe, which consists 249 nucleotides (nt 332-572) from 5′-untranslated region, and these nucleotide sequences have been shown to be very similar in all HRVs.25 HRV-14 represents genetically the HRV B-species (25 serotypes),26 and it is
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Supported by Nummela Sanatorium Foundation, Hengitys and Terveys Foundation, Pediatric Research Foundation, Helsinki University Central Hospital Research Fund, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, and AstraZeneca Finland.
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: T. Haahtela is on the speakers' bureau for MSD, AstraZeneca, and Orion Pharma. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.