Study (year) | Number of participants (n=1823) | Age (years) | Gender (male %) | BMI (kg·m−2) | AHI (events per hour) | ||||
VC | IP | VC | IP | VC | IP | VC | IP | ||
Taylor et al. [22] (2006) | Total: 114 VC: 56 IP: 58 | 45.8±10 | 44.6±8.5 | 66 | 71 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Stepnowsky et al. [23] (2007) | Total: 45 VC: 24 IP: 21 | 60±10.8 | 58±13.7 | 98 | 98 | 33.3±4.9 | 30.5±5.1 | 44.8±17.9 | 37.6±14.3 |
Isetta et al. [24] (2015) | Total: 139 VC: 69 IP: 70 | 51.0±8.9 | 47.0±10.9¶ | 85 | 87 | 32.8±7.3 | 33.6±8.3 | 45 (35–70)# | 52 (35–62)# |
Frasnelli et al. [26] (2015) | Total: 223 VC: 113 IP: 110 | 55 (47–63)# | 55 (45–61)# | 76 | 78 | NR | NR | 37 (23–62)# | 40 (20–69)# |
Fields et al. [25] (2016) | Total: 60 VC: 32 IP: 28 | 46.7±13.1 | 58.2±14.4 | 93 | 94 | 33.2±6.0 | 32.9±3.8 | 32.0±33.9 | 30.1±30.0 |
Turino et al. [27] (2016) | Total: 100 VC: 52 IP: 48 | 56 ±13 | 54 ±12 | 77 | 77 | 35±7 | 35±7 | 52±25 | 53±26 |
Lugo et al. [28] (2019) | Total: 186 VC: 94 (32 with CPAP) IP: 92 (40 with CPAP) | 50.39±11.31 | 50.82±12.15 | 70 | 66 | 29.97±6.19 | 31.50±10.91 | 24.68±21.01 | 33.60±28.96 |
Nilius et al. [29] (2019) | Total: 80 VC: 40 IP: 40 | 55.4±10.4 | 58.6±9.3 | 73 | 73 | 31.7±5.4 | 30.1±6.6 | 41.2±19.0 | 37.6±18.4 |
Pépin et al. [30] (2019) | Total: 306 VC: 157 IP: 149 | 60.8 (53.8–66)# | 61.8 (54.7–66.1)# | 73 | 74 | 32.4 (29.6–36.5)# | 31.4 (28.1–35)# | 47 (35–60.5)# | 45 (35.4–61.2)# |
Tamisier et al. [31] (2020) | Total: 206 VC: 102 IP: 104 | 51.9 (44.8–58.8)# | 49.4 (40–57.9)# | 58 | 68.3 | 30.5 (27.5–34.9)# | 31.3 (26.6–35.2)# | 45 (34–58)# | 42.3 (33–57.6)# |
Fietze et al. [33] (2021) | Total: 224 VC: 110 IP: 114 | 53.6±11.8 | 53.1±10.6 | 83 | 79 | 32.8±6.4 | 31.7±5.6 | 35.3±17.6 | 37.0±20.3 |
Kooij et al. [32] (2021) | Total: 140 VC: 70 IP: 70 | 52.3±12.4 | 54.3±11.9 | 83 | 76 | BMI >30 n=51 (73%) | BMI >30 n=46 (66%) | 31 (22–46)# | 30.5 (20–42)# |
Data are presented as n or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. AHI: apnoea–hypopnoea index; BMI: body mass index; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; IP: in person; NR: not reported; VC: virtual consultation. #: Median (interquartile range). ¶: Significantly different value from the other group.