TABLE 3

Reference equations developed from included studies for oscillometric parameters of interest

Study	Indices	Male	Female
*Shiota et al. [22]*	R₅	R₅=8.67158−3.841167·log(h)	R₅=8.67158−3.841167·log(h)
	R₂₀	R₂₀=5.841867−2.546561·log(h)	R₂₀=5.841867−2.546561·log(h)
	X₅	X₅= −2.343672−0.000097a+1.018597·log(h)	X₅= −2.343672−0.000097a+1.018597·log(h)
	AX	Not available	Not available
*Newbury et al. [20]*	R₅	R₅=1.1672−0.0017a−0.007h+0.0043w	R₅=0.768−0.00064a−0.00276h
	R₂₀	R₂₀=0.9216−0.0013a−0.0049h+0.0027w	R₂₀=0.4821+0.00034a−0.00125h
	X₅	X₅= −0.3593+0.00013a+0.0016h	X₅= −0.4689−0.00092a+0.00245h
	AX	Not available	Not available
*Brown et al. [18]^#*	R₆	log(R₆)=3.18955−0.01617h+0.00882w	log(R₆)=3.88965−0.01944h+0.00812w
	R₁₉	log(R₁₉)=2.89318−0.01445h+0.00789w	log(R₁₉)=3.25796−0.01519h+0.00605w
	X₆	exp(X₆)= −1.23047+0.01286a−0.00013712a²+0.01098h−0.00323w	exp(X₆)= −1.36295+0.00845a−0.0001035a²+0.01282h−0.00449w
	AX	Not available	Not available
*Aarli et al. [24]*	R₅	ln(R₅)=3.02−0.023h	ln(R₅)=2.68−0.026h+0.012w
	R₂₀	ln(R₂₀)=1.52−0.016h	ln(R₂₀)=1.26−0.017h+0.009w
	X₅	ln(−X₅)=3.57−0.033h	ln(−X₅)=3.85−0.041h+0.014w
	AX	ln(AX)=12.0−0.074h	ln(AX)=10.8−0.074h
*Schulz et al. [23]*	R₅	5th quantile: R₅=1.0685571−0.0022403a−0.004312h	R₅=0.5012224+0.0002940a−0.0037866h+0.0045199w
		50th quantile: R₅=0.9861137−0.0001223a−0.0055278h+0.0029891w	R₅=0.7887960+0.0015118a−0.0046594h+0.0029768w
		95th quantile: R₅=0.6683472+0.0029051a−0.0026280h	R₅=0.1926787+0.0004133a+0.0016756h
	R₂₀	5th quantile: R₂₀=0.6342369−0.0019656a−0.0021069h	R₂₀=0.5970057−0.0006897a−0.0030934h+0.0016623h
		50th quantile: R₂₀=0.7722257−0.0006446a−0.0037120h+0.0013924w	R₂₀=0.4505645+0.0001251a−0.0020488h+0.0017939w
		95th quantile: R₂₀=1.1824320−0.0003590a−0.0048639h	R₂₀=0.8177947−0.0003549a−0.0025771h
	X₅	5th quantile: X₅= −0.5568254−0.0004762a+0.0025397h	X₅= −0.5446960−0.0018068a+0.0029323h
		50th quantile: X₅= −0.4670275−0.0003344a+0.0027755h−0.0010424w	X₅= −0.3313017−0.0007541a+0.0022090h−0.001413w
		95th quantile: X₅= −0.2058333+0.0006944a+0.0006944h	X₅= −0.1831886+0.0003607a+0.0005743h
	AX	5th quantile: AX=0.0430162+0.0012195a−0.0002327h	AX=1.0968758−0.0001349a−0.0077805h+0.0048793w
		50th quantile: AX=1.7584772+0.0027451a−0.0132469h+0.0077552w	AX=1.7909627+0.0110077a−0.0168559h+0.0104360w
		95th quantile: AX=2.2955939+0.0161916a−0.0139157h	AX=2.7124098+0.0173679a−0.0227368h+0.0152978w
*Oostveen et al. [16]^¶,+*	R₅	ln(R₅)=5.327−0.00381a−3.032h+0.01390w	ln(R₅)=2.591+0.00279a−1.461h+0.0121w
	R₂₀	ln(R₂₀)=3.540−0.0033a−1.824h+0.00888w	ln(R₂₀)=2.482+0.00135a−1.122h+0.00695w
	X₅	ln(4−X₅)=2.683+0a−0.703h+0.0019w	ln(4−X₅)=2.373+0.0015a−0.607h+0.00312w
	AX₅	ln(AX₅)=9.730+0a−6.107h+0.02122w	ln(AX₅)=5.490+0.00960a−4.122h+0.02836w
*Ribeiro et al. [21]^#,¶*	R₆	ln(R₆)=2.964−0.002a−1.545h+0.009w	R₆=8.164−0.006a−3.563h+0.014w
	R₂₀	ln(R₂₀)=2.196−0.002a−0.970h+0.005w	R₂₀=9.142−0.005a−3.811h+0.003w
	X₆	exp(X₆)= −1.082+0a+0.983h−0.003w	X₆= −5.293+0a+2.759h−0.007w
	AX	Not available	Not available
*De et al. [19]^#*	R₅	R₅=10.035+0.008a−0.057h+0.036w	R₅=9.697−0.046h+0.033w
	R₁₉	R₁₉=8.077−0.040h+0.02w	R₁₉=8.683−0.038h+0.019w
	X₅	X₅= −3.334−0.004a+0.018h−0.009w	X₅= −4.40+0.02h
	AX	Not available	Not available
*Moitra et al. [15]^¶*	R₅	ln(R₅)= −0.30+0.003a−0.83h+0.01w	ln(R₅)=0.003+0.004a−0.66h+0.007w
	R₂₀	ln(R₂₀)= −0.14−0.001a−0.99h+0.01w	ln(R₂₀)=0.164+0.0003a−0.92h+0.007w
	X₅	X₅= −0.23−0.002a+0.15h−0.002w	X₅= −0.60−0.004a+0.37h−0.001w
	AX	ln(AX)= −0.20+1.24ln(a)−2.98h+0.01w	ln(AX)= −2.33+0.76ln(a)−0.004h+0.004w
*Berger et al. [17]^¶,+*	R₅	ln(R₅)=2.07069−1.05124h+0.03337·BMI	ln(R₅)=2.22395−0.98351h+0.02903·BMI
	R₂₀	ln(R₂₀)=1.95570−0.81148h+0.02042·BMI	ln(R₂₀)=2.01077−0.72768h+0.02009·BMI
	X₅	ln(X₅+4)=0.10509+0.82626h−0.01775·BMI	ln(X₅+4)=0.29066+0.73387h−0.01984·BMI
	AX	ln(AX)=4.36142−3.47450h+0.08784·BMI	ln(AX)=4.67153−3.31633h+0.06719·BMI

Reference equations developed by included studies for R₆, R₁₉ and X₆ instead of R₅, R₁₉ and X₅, respectively were considered. Respiratory resistance (R_rs) and respiratory reactance (X_rs) measured in kPa·L⁻¹·s⁻¹ and AX measured in kPa·L⁻¹ unless otherwise indicated. Age (a), height (h), weight (w) and body mass index (BMI) measured in years, cm, kg and kg·m⁻², respectively, unless otherwise indicated. Shiota et al. [22] developed unisex reference equations. Schulz et al. [23] developed reference equations for the 5th, 50th and 95th quantiles. For Oostveen et al. [16] the equations for AX₅ are included. R₅: resistance at 5 Hz; R₂₀: resistance at 20 Hz; X₅: reactance at 5 Hz; AX: reactance area; R₆: resistance at 6 Hz; R₁₉: resistance at 19 Hz; X₆: reactance at 6 Hz. ^#: R_rs and X_rs measured in cmH₂O·L⁻¹·s⁻¹ and AX measured in cmH₂O·L⁻¹; ^¶: height measured in metres (m); ⁺: R_rs and X_rs measured in hPa·L⁻¹·s⁻¹ and AX measured in hPa·L⁻¹.