List of antibodies for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB), latent TB infection (LTBI) and treatment monitoring
| Antibodies and MTB antigen | Results and relevance | References | |
| Sen and Sp | TPP status | ||
| Antibodies for diagnosis of active TB | |||
| IgG against 11 antigens (Rv3881, Rv0934, Rv2031c, Rv1886c, Rv1860, Rv3874, Rv2875, Rv3841, Rv1926c, MEMH37Rv and Rv1984)# | Sen: for dx of smear positive PTB, 95% | Moderately comparable to the target (≥98%) | [18] |
| Sen: for dx of smear negative PTB, 88% | Met the optimal value needed (≥68%) | ||
| Sp: in COPD patients 96% and healthy controls 91% | Moderately comparable to the target (>98%) | ||
| IgG against 8 antigens (Ag85B, Ag85A, Ag85C, Rv0934-P38, Rv3881, BfrB, Rv3873 and Rv2878c)# | Sen: for screening active TB: 90.6% | Met the minimal value for TB screening (>90%) | [19] |
| Sp: 88.6% | Met the optimal target for TB screening test (>70%) | ||
| IgG against 6 antigens and fusion proteins from these antigens (Rv0934, Rv3874, Rv2875, Rv2031, Rv2032 and Rv0831)¶ | Sen: for dx of smear positive PTB, 93% | Moderately comparable to the target (≥98%) | [23] |
| Sp: 96% | Moderately met the optimal value needed (>98%) | ||
| IgG against 7 antigens (PstS1, Rv0831c, FbpA, EspB, bfrB, HspX and ssb)+ | Sen: for dx of PTB, 74–90% | Slightly comparable to target (>98%) | [24] |
| Sp: 96–100% | Met the optimal value (>98%) | ||
| IgG against Rv0220, Rv2958c, Rv2994 and Rv3347c§ | Sen: 80.4–91.3% | Slightly comparable to the optimal value (≥98%) | [25] |
| Sp: 91.7–98.3% | Moderately comparable | ||
| Anti-TB-LTBI IgG, anti-Tpx IgG and anti-MPT64 IgA. TB-LTBI: (antigen cocktail composed of Tpx and L16)ƒ | Sen: for dx of active TB, 95.2% | Moderately comparable to the optimal value (≥98%) | [5] |
| Sp: 97.6% | Comparable to the target (≥98%) | ||
| Anti-LAM IgA, anti-LAM IgG, anti-Tpx IgA, anti-HSP16.3 IgG and anti-HSP20 IgA## | Sen: 81% | Slightly comparable to the optimal value (≥98%) | [21] |
| Sp: for dx of non-TB cases, 94% | Moderately comparable to the target (≥98%) | ||
| IgG against A60 (commercial test)¶¶ | Sen: 91.2% | Moderately comparable | [26] |
| Sp: 92% | Moderately comparable | ||
| IgG against 38-kDa, 16-kDa, and 6-kDa (commercial test)# | Sen: 78.1% | Slightly comparable to the optimal value (≥98%) | [29] |
| Specificity: 100% | Met the optimal value (>98%) | ||
| Antibodies for diagnosis of LTBI | |||
| IgG against ESAT6 and MDP1 | IgG against ESAT6 and MDP1 were significantly higher in recent LTBI compared to remote LTBI (Sen and Sp data not available) | [17] | |
| IgG against PPE17 | Sen for dx of LTBI 87%, for dx of active TB (95%) (Sp data not available) | [4] | |
| IgG against PPD | Sera from LTBI has less fucose and more galactose and sialic acid compared to active TB patient | [13] | |
| Antibodies for treatment monitoring | |||
| IgG against 14 kDa | Increased following treatment, and decreased after 3 years | [33] | |
| IgG against 38 kDa and LAM | Increased at month 2 and month 8 following treatment | [34] | |
| IgG against Rv2626c and ESAT6 | Decreased following treatment | ||
| Anti-16 kDa IgA and IgM | Decreased following treatment | [5] | |
| IgG against LAM and TB – LTBI | Increased at month 6 of anti-TB treatment completion | ||
| Anti-Tpx IgG and anti-ESAT-6 IgA | Predicated slow responders with an accuracy of 90.5% | [32] | |
| Anti-16 kDa IgG | Increased following TB treatment | [6] | |
| Anti-ESAT-6 and CFP-10 IgG | Higher before treatment, and increased following treatment | ||
Recent LTBI: <2 years since infection; remote LTBI: >2 years since infection. MTB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Sen: sensitivity; Sp: specificity; TTP: targeted product profiles; PTB: pulmonary TB; LAM: Lipoarabinomannan; dx: diagnosis. #: IgG against multiple antigens (measured individually, analysed in combination); ¶: IgG against multiple antigens and fusion protein (measured individually, analysed in combination); +: IgG against multiple antigens and antigen cocktails (measured individually, analysed in combination); §: IgG against novel single or multiple antigens; ƒ: multiple antibodies (IgG, IgM, IgA) against multiple antigens and antigen cocktail (measured individually, analysed in combination); ##: multiple antibodies against multiple antigens (measured individually, analysed in combination); ¶¶: IgG against single protein (multiantigen complex).