TABLE 3

The protective antibodies in tuberculosis (TB) upon passive transfer of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies

Antibody	Description	Protective effects	References
Polyclonal antibodies in TB
Human IVIg	Treatment in MTB-infected mice	Significant reduction in bacterial load in spleen and lung	[43]
Human IVIg	Intact versus deglycosylated IVIg in murine models of progressive TB	Intact IVIg reduced bacillary load in the lung	[42]
Human IgG	Intranasal inoculation 2 h before MTB infection in mice	Significant reduction in pulmonary bacterial load lasting for 2 months	[41]
Hyperimmune sera (RUTI)	Protection against post-chemotherapy relapse TB infection in SCID mice	Significant reduction in bacillary load, less granuloma and less pneumonia compared to the control sera	[44]
Human sera	Antibodies from LTBI and active TB in aerosol MTB challenge in mice	Antibodies from LTBI showed moderate protection	[40]
Human IgG against PPD	IgG from LTBI showed higher sialic acid and galactose	Anti-inflammatory activity	[13]
Monoclonal antibodies in TB
Human mAb (2E9IgA1) against Acr	Intranasal inoculation in transgenic mice	Reduced the bacterial burden Dependant on CD98 (FcαRI)	[39]
mAbs IgA (TBA61) against Acr	Intranasal inoculation in mice	10-fold reduction in CFU	[45]
Coating of BCG mAbs against HBHA	Intranasal infection in mice	Prevents extrapulmonary dissemination	[47]
mAbs (SMITB14) anti-LAM IgG1	Intranasal administration in mice	Improved survival, reduced CFU, reduced weight loss	[48]

IVIg: intravenous immunoglobulin; MTB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; SCID: severe combined immunodeficiency; LTBI: latent TB infection; mAb: monoclonal antibody; Acr: alpha crystalline; LAM: lipoarabinomannan; CFU: colony-forming unit; HBHA: heparin-binding haemagglutinin adhesin.