Outcome or subgroup | Studies n | Participants n | Statistical method | Effect estimate | p-value | I2 | GRADE |
ΔPost-BD FEV1 % pred | 2 | 7894 | MD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.61 (−0.31–1.54) | 0.19 | 71% | Moderate# |
Adults | 1 | 3970 | MD (Random, 95% CI) | 1.54 (0.87–2.21) | <0.0001 | Moderate# | |
Children | 2 | 3924 | MD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.20 (−0.49–0.90) | 0.57 | 12% | High |
ΔPost-BD FEV1 mL | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −40.00 (−115.38–35.38) | 0.30 | Moderate# | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −40.00 (−115.38–35.38) | 0.30 | Moderate# | |
ΔPost-BD FEV1 SMD | 2 | 8894 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.06 (−0.03–0.15) | 0.18 | 69% | Moderate# |
Adults | 1 | 3970 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.14 (0.08–0.21) | <0.0001 | Moderate# | |
Children | 2 | 4924 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.02 (−0.05–0.09) | 0.57 | 15% | High |
ΔPost-BD FVC % pred | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −0.20 (−1.40–1.00) | 0.74 | Low#,¶ | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −0.20 (−1.40–1.00) | 0.74 | Low#,¶ | |
ΔPost-BD FVC mL | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −60.00 (−119.99– −0.03) | 0.05 | Low#,¶ | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −60.00 (−119.99– −0.03) | 0.05 | Low#,¶ | |
ΔPost-BD FVC SMD | 1 | 729 | SMD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −0.02 (−0.17–0.13) | 0.77 | Low#,¶ | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | SMD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | SMD (Fixed, 95% CI) | −0.02 (−0.17–0.13) | 0.77 | Low#,¶ | |
ΔPost-BD FEV1/FVC % pred | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Adults | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 0 | 0 | MD. (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
ΔPost-BD FEV1/FVC ratio | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.70 (−0.08–1.48) | 0.08 | Low#,¶ | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | MD (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.70 (−0.08–1.48) | 0.08 | Low#,¶ | |
ΔPost-BD FEV1/FVC SMD | 1 | 729 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.13 (−0.01–0.28) | 0.07 | Low#,¶ | |
Adults | 0 | 0 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | ||||
Children | 1 | 729 | SMD (Random, 95% CI) | 0.13 (−0.01–0.28) | 0.07 | Low#,¶ |
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; MD: mean difference; SMD: standardised mean difference. #: GRADE score downgraded for heterogeneity or inconsistency of results between studies; ¶: GRADE score downgraded for imprecision, 95% CI includes important benefit and potential harm.