First author [ref.] | N | Duration | Measure | Intervention/comparison | Δ (mean±sd where reported) | Pre–post p-value | Between group p-value | Effect size |
Pre-transplant | ||||||||
Gloeckl et al. [42] | 60 | 3 weeks | 6MWT (m) | Interval ET | 35.4±28.9 | p<0.05 | p=0.89 | INT<CON; 0.0008 |
Continuous ET | 35.7±42.2 | p<0.05 | ||||||
PWR (W) | Interval ET | 12.0±8.5 | p<0.05 | p=0.38 | INT>CON; 0.29 | |||
Continuous ET | 9.3±10.1 | p<0.05 | ||||||
Florian et al. [17] | 89 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 43±86 | p=0.005 | - | PRE<POST; 0.5 |
Control | NR | NR | - | - | ||||
Ochman et al. [18] | 40 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | Nordic walking ET | 64 | p=0.0378 | p=0.034 | UTC |
Control | −57 | p=0.0059 | ||||||
Pehlivan et al. [20] | 39 | 8 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 54.3 | p=0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.49 |
Florian et al. [43] | 58 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 72 | p=0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.57 |
Da Fontoura et al. [19] | 31 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 58±63 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.92 |
Kenn et al. [44] | 811 | 5–6 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 55.9±58.5 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.96 |
Li et al. [45] | 345 | 47±59 sessions | 6MWT (m) | ET | −6 | p=0.002 | - | PRE>POST; −0.05 |
Singer et al. [21] | 15 | 8 weeks | 6MWT (m) | Tele-rehabilitation | −7.8 | p=0.73 | - | PRE>POST; −0.10 |
Post-transplant | ||||||||
Ihle et al. [23] | 60 | 23±5 days | 6MWT (m) | ET (inpatient) | 45 | p<0.001 | p=0.214 | INT>CON; 0.24 |
Control (outpatient physiotherapy) | 24 | p<0.001 | ||||||
VO2peak (mL·min−1·kg−1) | ET (inpatient) | 1.3 | p=0.039 | p=0.293 | INT<CON; −0.19 | |||
Control (outpatient physiotherapy) | 2.2 | p=0.005 | ||||||
PWR (W) | ET (inpatient) | 7.3 | p=0 022 | p=0.600 | INT>CON; 0.09 | |||
Control (outpatient physiotherapy) | 4.7 | p=0.070 | ||||||
Langer et al. [22] | 36 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (% pred) | ET | 23 | - | p=0.008 | INT>CON; 0.37 |
Control (PA counselling) | 19 | - | ||||||
VO2peak (% pred) | ET | 16 | - | p=0.149 | INT>CON; 0.20 | |||
Control (PA counselling) | 12 | - | ||||||
PWR (% pred) | ET | 16 | - | p=0.093 | INT>CON; 0.26 | |||
Control (PA counselling) | 11 | - | ||||||
Fuller et al. [24] | 66 | 14 weeks | 6MWT (m) | 14 weeks supervised ET | 149±169 | - | p=0.36 | INT<CON; −0.44 |
7 weeks supervised ET | 202±72 | - | ||||||
Gloeckl et al. [30] | 80 | 4 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET+WBVT | 83.5 | p<0.001 | p=0.029 | INT>CON; 0.54 |
ET | 55.2 | p<0.001 | ||||||
PWR | ET+WBVT | 16.8 | p<0.001 | p=0.042 | INT>CON; 0.38 | |||
ET | 12.6 | p<0.001 | ||||||
Candemir et al. [25] | 23 | 12 weeks | ISWT (m) | ET | 103 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.87 |
ESWT (min) | 8 | p<0.01 | - | PRE<POST; 1.33 | ||||
Munro et al. [46] | 36 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 92 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.79 |
Maury et al. [47] | 36 | 12 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 129 | p<0.05 | - | PRE<POST; 0.97 |
Stiebellehner et al. [48] | 9 | 6 weeks | VO2peak (mL·min−1·kg−1) | ET | 1.9 | p<0.05 | - | PRE<POST; 0.49 |
Schneeberger et al. [26] | 722 | 6 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET in COPD SLTx | 109±68 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 1.60 |
ET in COPD DLTx | 117±82 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 1.43 | ||||
ET in ILD SLTx | 115±79 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 1.46 | ||||
ET in ILD DLTx | 132±77 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 1.71 | ||||
Andrianopoulos et al. [27] | 24 | 3 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET | 86±77 | p<0.001 | - | PRE<POST; 0.73 |
Choi et al. [29] | 4 | 8 weeks | 6MWT (m) | ET Tele-rehabilitation | 71 | - | - | PRE<POST; 0.62 |
Vivodtzev et al. [28] | 12 | 12 weeks | VO2peak (L·min−1) | Home-based ET | 0.13±0.22 | p=0.059 | - | PRE<POST; 0.59 |
Endurance time (65% PWR) (min) | 9±12 | p<0.05 | - | PRE<POST; 0.75 |
ET: exercise training; WBVT: whole body vibration training; 6MWT: 6 min walk test; ISWT: Incremental Shuttle Walk Test; ESWT: Endurance Shuttle Walk Test; VO2peak: peak oxygen uptake; PWR: Peak Work Rate: SLTx: single lung transplant; DLTx: double lung transplant; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; INT: intervention; CON: control; PRE: Pre-intervention; POST: Post-intervention; UTC: unable to calculate; (Δ): change from baseline.