Major randomised trials in cancer-associated thrombosis primary prophylaxis
| Trial | Year | Patients n | Drugs evaluated | Major findings |
| ENOXACAN II [32] | 2002 | 332 (submitted for abdominal or pelvic surgery) | Enoxaparin (31 days) versus placebo (after 10 days of surgery) | Enoxaparin patients presented less VTE events than placebo after 1 (p=0.02) and 3 months (p=0.01). No difference in major bleeding. |
| PROTECHT [27] | 2009 | 1150 | Nadroparin (4 months) versus placebo | Nadroparin patients presented less thrombotic events (venous and arterial) than placebo (p=0.02). No statistical difference in major bleeding. |
| SAVE-ONCO [28] | 2012 | 3212 | Semuloparin (3.5 months) versus placebo | Semuloparin patients presented less VTE events than placebo (p<0.001). No difference in major bleeding. |
| AVERT [30] | 2018 | 563 | Apixaban (180 days) versus placebo | Apixaban patients presented less VTE events than placebo (p<0.001) and more major bleeding (p=0.046) than placebo. |
| CASSINI [31] | 2018 | 841 | Rivaroxaban (180 days) versus placebo | Statistical trend of less VTE events and VTE-related death in rivaroxaban patients (p=0.10). No difference in major bleeding. |
VTE: venous thromboembolism.