Differential diagnosis of granulomatous lung diseases
Infectious lung diseases | |
Mycobacteria | Tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteriosis |
Fungal infection | Cryptococcus, Coccidioides, Histoplasma, Blastomyces and Aspergillus |
Aspiration pneumonia | |
Others | Syphilis, Hansen's disease (leprosy), tularaemia, cat scratch disease, parasitic infections and Whipple's disease |
Noninfectious lung diseases | |
Inflammatory | Sarcoidosis |
Necrotising sarcoid granulomatosis | |
Bronchocentric granulomatosis | |
Inflammatory bowel disease | |
Exposure/toxins | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
Drugs (methotrexate, interferon, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, infliximab, etanercept, leflunomide, mesalamine and sirolimus) | |
Hot tub lung | |
Berylliosis | |
Talc | |
Metals (aluminium and zirconium) | |
Foreign body reaction | |
Vasculitis | Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis | |
Autoimmune diseases | Rheumatoid nodule |
Malignancy | Sarcoid-like lesions |
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis | |
Others | Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis Granulomatous–lymphocytic interstitial lung disease |