| Boers [16] | Self-reported wheeze | Job history of exposure to pesticides (yes/no) | Agricultural environment (for some subjects) | 0.56 (0.32–0.98) |
| | Urinary markers | | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) |
| Chakraborty [17] | Self-reported wheeze | ≥50 cholinesterase inhibition | Agricultural environment | 2.9 (2.1–4.2) |
| Nriagu [19] | Self-reported “having a wheezy chest” | Use of insecticides in the home | Unknown | 2.52 (1.19–5.34) |
| Schenker [20] | Self-reported persistent wheeze | Paraquat exposure using a cumulative paraquat exposure index | Agricultural environment (banana, coffee and palm oil) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) |
| Sprince [30] | Self-reported “ever being wheezy” | Self-reports of applying pesticides to livestock | Agricultural environment | 3.92 (1.76–8.72) |
| Zhang [21] | Self-reported wheeze in last 12 months | Self-reports of insecticide exposure | Outdoor agricultural worker, biomass fuel burning | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) |
| Hoppin [11] | Self-reported wheeze in the last 12 months | Self-reported questionnaire | Agricultural environment | No ORs were calculated for “any exposure to pesticides” compared to “no pesticide exposure” |
| Hoppin [12] | Self-reported wheeze in the last 12 months | Questionnaire of work practices and exposure | Agricultural environment | No ORs were calculated for “any exposure to pesticides” compared to “no pesticide exposure” |
| Hoppin [13] | Self-reported wheeze in the last 12 months | Self-reported questionnaire | Agricultural environment | No ORs were calculated for “any exposure to pesticides” compared to “no pesticide exposure” |
| Hoppin [10] | Doctor-diagnosed asthma after age 20 years | Metric of lifetime pesticide use | Agricultural environment | An OR for wheeze and pesticide exposure was not calculated |
| Huang [22] | Lung function testing and symptom reporting | Job title and air monitoring | Unknown | No ORs were calculated |
| Yemaneberhan [24] | Self-reported asthma, wheezing or cough | Self-reported exposure questionnaire | Unknown | The results of children and adults were not reported separately, no OR are included |