Study | Patients n | Design | Conclusion |
Carreiro [58] | 114 | Retrospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Ischaemic heart disease negatively influenced improvement in health status Psychological symptoms predicted lower improvement in symptoms |
Crisafulli [59] | 2962 | Retrospective, out- and inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Metabolic diseases were inversely related to improvement in 6MWD Cardiac diseases were inversely related to improvement in health status |
Crisafulli [60] | 316 | Prospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Osteoporosis was inversely related to improvement in 6MWD |
Garrod [61] | 74 | Prospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Depressed patients were found to be considerably more at risk of drop-out than nondepressed patients |
Greening [62] | 601 | Retrospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | No difference was observed in improvements in exercise performance and health status between BMI categories |
von Leupoldt [63] | 238 | Prospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | No effect of anxiety on 6MWD after pulmonary rehabilitation Depression was associated with reduced improvement in dyspnoea during activities |
Ramachandran [64] | 114 | Retrospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | No difference was observed in improvement in 6MWD, health status, unsupported arm lifts and functional performance between obese and nonobese patients |
Vagaggini [65] | 60 | Retrospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Cardiovascular disease was related to lack of improvement in 6MWD and health status, being overweight was associated with more pronounced improvement in 6MWD |
Walsh [66] | 203 | Retrospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Metabolic disease was associated with better improvement in 6MWD |
Young [67] | 81 | Prospective, outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation | Nonadherent patients were no more likely to have psychological symptoms than adherent patients |
6MWD: 6-min walk distance; BMI: body mass index.