ESC/ERS guidelines: factors favouring diagnosis of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in the presence of pulmonary hypertension as assessed by Doppler echocardiography
| Clinical features |
| Age >65 yrs |
| Elevated systolic blood pressure |
| Elevated pulse pressure |
| Obesity, metabolic syndrome |
| Hypertension |
| Coronary artery disease |
| Diabetes mellitus |
| Atrial fibrillation |
| Echocardiography |
| Left atrial enlargement |
| Concentric remodelling of the LV (relative wall thickness >0.45) |
| LV hypertrophy |
| Presence of echocardiographic indicators of elevated LV filling pressure 13, 14 |
| Interim evaluation (after echocardiography) |
| Symptomatic response to diuretics |
| Exaggerated increase in systolic blood pressure with exercise |
| Re-evaluation of chest radiograph consistent with heart failure 14 |
LV: left ventricle. Modified from 15 with permission from the publisher.