Surgical procedures for obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome and their respective mechanisms and site(s) of action
| Mechanism of action | Upper airway site of action | Procedure |
| Soft tissue removal | Retropalatal | Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty |
| Laser assisted uvulopalatoplasty | ||
| Tonsillectomy | ||
| Tissue volume reduction | Retropalatal | RTVR of the soft palate and/or tonsils |
| Retrolingual | Laser midline glossectomy/lingualplasty | |
| RTVR of the tongue base | ||
| Retrolingual/retropalatal | Uvulopalatopharyngoglossoplasty | |
| Skeletal modification resulting in soft tissue repositioning | Retropalatal | Transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty |
| Retrolingual | Mandibular advancement | |
| Genioglossal advancement | ||
| Hyoid myotomy and suspension (type I and II) | ||
| Retropalatal and retrolingual | Maxillomandibular advancement | |
| Bypass upper airway | Tracheotomy |
RTVR: radiofrequency tissue volume reduction.