Inhaled corticosteroids and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations
| Author | Year | Treatment | Patients | FEV1 % pred | Exac.·Patient·yr−1 | Δ% | p-value |
| Burge [14] | 2000 | Fluticasone 500 µg b.i.d. | 373 | 50 | 0.99 | −25 | 0.026 |
| Placebo | 370 | 50 | 1.32 | ||||
| Szafranski [9] | 2003 | Budesonide 200 µg b.i.d.# | 198 | 37 | 1.59 | −15 | ns |
| Placebo | 205 | 36 | 1.87 | ||||
| Calverley [8] | 2003 | Budesonide 200 µg b.i.d.# | 257 | 36 | 0.87 | −24 | 0.044 |
| Placebo | 256 | 36 | 1.14 | ||||
| Calverley [10] | 2003 | Fluticasone 500 µg b.i.d. | 374 | 45 | 0.56 | −26 | 0.0001 |
| Placebo | 361 | 44 | 0.76 |
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred: % predicted; Exac: exacerbations; ns: nonsignificant. #: metered dose; delivered dose = 160 µg.