Table 1—

Fatal and serious nonfatal disorders for which tobacco use is a known or probable cause or exacerbating factor

Smoking
    Cancer of the lung
    Cancer of the larynx
    Cancer of the oesophagus
    Cancer of the oropharynx
    Cancer of the kidney
    Cancer of the cervix
    Cancer of the pancreas
    Cancer of the stomach
    Cancer of the bladder
    Leukaemia
    COPD
    Pneumonia
    Asthma attacks
    Coronary heart disease
    Aortic aneurism
    Cerebrovascular disease
    Peripheral vascular disease
    Vascular dementia
    Macular degeneration
    Cataract
    Hearing loss
    Infertility
    Spontaneous abortion
    Stillbirth
    Low birth weight
    SIDS
    Low back pain
    Osteoporosis
    Tuberculosis
    Type II diabetes
    Peptic ulcer disease
    Surgical complications
Smokeless tobacco use
    Cancer of the oropharynx

  • COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SIDS: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Sources: All [3], except vascular dementia [4], macular degeneration [5], low back pain [6], tuberculosis [7], diabetes [8] and smokeless tobacco [9]. Reproduced from [2] with permission from the publisher.