PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Conceição, Mariana AU - Shteinberg, Michal AU - Goeminne, Pieter AU - Altenburg, Josje AU - Chalmers, James D. TI - Eradication treatment for <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> infection in adults with bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis AID - 10.1183/16000617.0178-2023 DP - 2024 Jan 31 TA - European Respiratory Review PG - 230178 VI - 33 IP - 171 4099 - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/33/171/230178.short 4100 - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/33/171/230178.full SO - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW2024 Jan 31; 33 AB - Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most commonly isolated pathogen in bronchiectasis and is associated with worse outcomes. Eradication treatment is recommended by guidelines, but the evidence base is limited. The expected success rate of eradication in clinical practice is not known.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies investigating P. aeruginosa eradication treatment using antibiotics (systemic or inhaled) in patients with bronchiectasis. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients negative for P. aeruginosa at 12 months after eradication treatment. Cystic fibrosis was excluded.Results: Six observational studies including 289 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis found a 12-month P. aeruginosa eradication rate of 40% (95% CI 34–45%; p&lt;0.00001), with no significant heterogeneity (I2=0%). Combined systemic and inhaled antibiotic treatment was associated with a higher eradication rate (48%, 95% CI 41–55%) than systemic antibiotics alone (27%, 13–45%).Conclusion: Eradication treatment in bronchiectasis results in eradication of P. aeruginosa from sputum in ∼40% of cases at 12 months. Combined systemic and inhaled antibiotics achieve higher eradication rates than systemic antibiotics alone.A meta-analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa eradication treatment in bronchiectasis reports successful eradication in 40% of cases at 12 months. The data suggest superior results with the inclusion of an inhaled antibiotic. https://bit.ly/3QDmIi8