PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Maria Montes de Oca
AU  - Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
TI  - Smoking cessation and vaccination
AID  - 10.1183/16000617.0187-2022
DP  - 2023 Mar 31
TA  - European Respiratory Review
PG  - 220187
VI  - 32
IP  - 167
4099  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/32/167/220187.short
4100  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/32/167/220187.full
SO  - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW2023 Mar 31; 32
AB  - A significant proportion of COPD patients (∼40%) continue smoking despite knowing that they have the disease. Smokers with COPD exhibit higher levels of nicotine dependence, and have lower self-efficacy and self-esteem, which affects their ability to quit smoking. Treatment should be adapted to the needs of individual patients with different levels of tobacco dependence. The combination of counselling plus pharmacotherapy is the most effective cessation treatment for COPD. In patients with severe COPD, varenicline and bupropion have been shown to have the highest abstinence rates compared with nicotine replacement therapy. There is a lack of evidence to support that smoking cessation reduction or harm reduction strategies have benefits in COPD patients. The long-term efficacy and safety of electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation need to be evaluated in high-risk populations; therefore, it is not possible to recommend their use for smoking cessation in COPD. Future studies with the new generation of nicotine vaccines are necessary to determine their effectiveness in smokers in general and in COPD patients.∼40% of COPD patients continue smoking. They have high nicotine dependence, and low self-efficacy and self-esteem. Combined counselling and pharmacotherapy is the best treatment. There is no evidence on e-cigarette or harm reduction benefits in COPD. https://bit.ly/3BATHeK