PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Florian Peter Laenger
AU  - Nicolaus Schwerk
AU  - Jens Dingemann
AU  - Tobias Welte
AU  - Bernd Auber
AU  - Stijn Verleden
AU  - Maximilian Ackermann
AU  - Steven J. Mentzer
AU  - Matthias Griese
AU  - Danny Jonigk
TI  - Interstitial lung disease in infancy and early childhood: a clinicopathological primer
AID  - 10.1183/16000617.0251-2021
DP  - 2022 Mar 31
TA  - European Respiratory Review
PG  - 210251
VI  - 31
IP  - 163
4099  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/31/163/210251.short
4100  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/31/163/210251.full
SO  - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW2022 Mar 31; 31
AB  - Children's interstitial lung disease (chILD) encompasses a wide and heterogeneous spectrum of diseases substantially different from that of adults. Established classification systems divide chILD into conditions more prevalent in infancy and other conditions occurring at any age. This categorisation is based on a multidisciplinary approach including clinical, radiological, genetic and histological findings. The diagnostic evaluation may include lung biopsies if other diagnostic approaches failed to identify a precise chILD entity, or if severe or refractory respiratory distress of unknown cause is present. As the majority of children will be evaluated and diagnosed outside of specialist centres, this review summarises relevant clinical, genetic and histological findings of chILD to provide assistance in clinical assessment and rational diagnostics.ILD of childhood is comparable by name only to lung disease in adults. A dedicated interdisciplinary team is required to achieve the best possible outcome. This review summarises the current clinicopathological criteria and associated genetic alterations. https://bit.ly/3mpxI3b