PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Paolo B. Dominelli
AU  - Yannick Molgat-Seon
TI  - Sex, gender and the pulmonary physiology of exercise
AID  - 10.1183/16000617.0074-2021
DP  - 2022 Mar 31
TA  - European Respiratory Review
PG  - 210074
VI  - 31
IP  - 163
4099  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/31/163/210074.short
4100  - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/31/163/210074.full
SO  - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW2022 Mar 31; 31
AB  - In this review, we detail how the pulmonary system's response to exercise is impacted by both sex and gender in healthy humans across the lifespan. First, the rationale for why sex and gender differences should be considered is explored, and then anatomical differences are highlighted, namely that females typically have smaller lungs and airways than males. Thereafter, we describe how these anatomical differences can impact functional aspects such as respiratory muscle energetics and activation, mechanical ventilatory constraints, diaphragm fatigue, and pulmonary gas exchange in healthy adults and children. Finally, we detail how gender can impact the pulmonary response to exercise.Biological sex can influence the pulmonary response to exercise in healthy individuals across the lifespan https://bit.ly/3ejMDrv