TY - JOUR T1 - The use of chest magnetic resonance imaging in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review JF - European Respiratory Review JO - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW DO - 10.1183/16000617.0062-2018 VL - 27 IS - 150 SP - 180062 AU - Chiara Romei AU - Laura Turturici AU - Laura Tavanti AU - Jelle Miedema AU - Sara Fiorini AU - Massimo Marletta AU - Piotr Wielopolski AU - Harm Tiddens AU - Fabio Falaschi AU - Pierluigi Ciet Y1 - 2018/12/31 UR - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/27/150/180062.abstract N2 - Thin-slices multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) plays a key role in the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, thin-slices MDCT has a limited ability to detect active inflammation, which is an important target of newly developed ILD drug therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thanks to its multi-parameter capability, provides better tissue characterisation than thin-slices MDCT.Our aim was to summarise the current status of MRI applications in ILD and to propose an ILD-MRI protocol. A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant studies on chest MRI in patients with ILD.We retrieved 1246 papers of which 55 original papers were selected for the review. We identified 24 studies comparing image quality of thin-slices MDCT and MRI using several MRI sequences. These studies described new MRI sequences to assess ILD parenchymal abnormalities, such as honeycombing, reticulation and ground-glass opacity. Thin-slices MDCT remains superior to MRI for morphological imaging. However, recent studies with ultra-short echo-time MRI showed image quality comparable to thin-slices MDCT. Several studies demonstrated the added value of chest MRI by using functional imaging, especially to detect and quantify inflammatory changes.We concluded that chest MRI could play a role in ILD patients to differentiate inflammatory and fibrotic changes and to assess efficacy of new ILD drugs.Although MRI resolution does not yet match that of CT, MRI can play an important role for functional imaging in patients with ILD. MRI can differentiate between inflammatory and fibrotic changes for monitoring targeted therapy in patients with ILD. http://ow.ly/uicr30myy9z ER -