RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cell-derived microparticles and the lung
JF European Respiratory Review
JO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 266
OP 277
DO 10.1183/16000617.0009-2016
VO 25
IS 141
A1 Dario Nieri
A1 Tommaso Neri
A1 Silvia Petrini
A1 Barbara Vagaggini
A1 Pierluigi Paggiaro
A1 Alessandro Celi
YR 2016
UL http://err.ersjournals.com/content/25/141/266.abstract
AB Cell-derived microparticles are small (0.1–1 μm) vesicles shed by most eukaryotic cells upon activation or during apoptosis. Microparticles carry on their surface, and enclose within their cytoplasm, molecules derived from the parental cell, including proteins, DNA, RNA, microRNA and phospholipids. Microparticles are now considered functional units that represent a disseminated storage pool of bioactive effectors and participate both in the maintenance of homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of diseases. The mechanisms involved in microparticle generation include intracellular calcium mobilisation, cytoskeleton rearrangement, kinase phosphorylation and activation of the nuclear factor-κB. The role of microparticles in blood coagulation and inflammation, including airway inflammation, is well established in in vitro and animal models. The role of microparticles in human pulmonary diseases, both as pathogenic determinants and biomarkers, is being actively investigated. Microparticles of endothelial origin, suggestive of apoptosis, have been demonstrated in the peripheral blood of patients with emphysema, lending support to the hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and represent a link with cardiovascular comorbidities. Microparticles also have potential roles in patients with asthma, diffuse parenchymal lung disease, thromboembolism, lung cancer and pulmonary arterial hypertension.Microparticles are potential biomarkers and targets for therapeutic interventions in respiratory medicine http://ow.ly/ZTCp6