RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Haemoptysis due to pulmonary venous stenosis
JF European Respiratory Review
JO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 170
OP 179
DO 10.1183/09059180.00003713
VO 23
IS 132
A1 Silke Braun
A1 Ivan Platzek
A1 Klaus Zöphel
A1 Matthias Weise
A1 Martin Kolditz
A1 Michael Halank
A1 Gert Hoeffken
YR 2014
UL http://err.ersjournals.com/content/23/132/170.abstract
AB Haemoptysis is a potentially life-threatening condition with the need for prompt diagnosis. In about 10–20% of all cases the bleeding source remains unexplained with the standard diagnostic approach. The aim of this article is to show the necessity of widening the diagnostic approach to haemoptysis with consideration of pulmonary venous stenosis as a possible cause of even severe haemoptysis and haemoptoe. A review of the literature was performed using the Medline/PubMed database with the terms: “pulmonary venous stenosis”, “pulmonary venous infarction” and “haemoptysis”. Further references from the case reports were considered. 58 case reports and case collections about patients with haemoptysis due to pulmonary venous stenosis were detected. This review gives an overview about the case reports and discusses the underlying pathophysiology and the pros and cons of different imaging techniques for the detection of pulmonary venous stenosis. Several conditions predispose to the obstruction of the mediastinal pulmonary veins. Clinical findings are unspecific and may be misleading. Pulmonary venous stenosis can be detected using several imaging techniques, yet three-dimensional magnetic resonance-angiography and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced computed tomography are the most appropriate. Pulmonary venous stenosis should be considered in patients with haemoptysis.