Figures
- FIGURE 1
Risk of mortality associated with monocyte counts ≥0.6×109 cells·L−1 in unadjusted models.
- FIGURE 2
Risk of mortality associated with monocyte counts >0.9×109 cells·L−1 in unadjusted models.
- FIGURE 3
Risk of mortality associated with monocyte counts ≥0.95×109 cells·L−1 in adjusted models.
- FIGURE 4
Risk of disease progression associated with monocyte counts >0.90×109 cells·L−1 in unadjusted and adjusted models.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Study characteristics
Study, year Included in meta-analysis Country of study ILD sample size Type of ILD Age, years Male, % Baseline FVC, % predicted Baseline DLCO, % predicted Monocyte parameters Timing of monocyte measurement Relevant outcomes reported Achaiah et al. [18], 2021 Yes UK 32 Indeterminate UIP 76.7±6.2 66 92.6±26.9 64.2 (16) >0.9×109 cells·L−1 Within 3 months of initial CT Visual increase in extent of disease or progression of CT to “definite” or “probable” UIP Achaiah et al. [19], 2022 Yes UK 1259 (mortality)
362 (progression)Early fibrotic ILA 63.4±8.1 57.2 NA NA >1×109 cells·L−1 Closest to CT; median time interval between CT and blood sample 13–30 days Radiologic progression, all-cause mortality Achaiah et al. [17], 2022 (NLR) Yes UK 128 IPF 74.8±6.9 79 85.5 (69.9–98.0) 6.19 (50.9–71.0) >0.9×109 cells·L−1 Within 4 months of presentation to ILD clinic FVC decline >10% per year, all-cause mortality Karampitsakos et al. [13], 2021 Yes Multinational 300 (discovery)
189 (validation)
489 (pooled)IPF NA NA NA NA ≥0.95×109 cells·L−1 (pooled)
≥0.6×109 cells·L−1 (discovery and validation)Baseline (prior to antifibrotic treatment) All-cause mortality, 1-year disease progression as assessed by functional decline Kreuter et al. [2], 2021 Yes USA (multicentre) 2067 IPF NA NA NA NA 0.6–0.8×109 cells·L−1
≥0.95×109 cells·L−1Baseline All-cause mortality over 1 year Scott et al. [4], 2019 Yes USA (multicentre) 130 (Stanford)
36 (COMET)IPF NA NA NA NA ≥0.95×109 cells·L−1 Stanford: within 30 days of diagnosis; COMET: baseline Transplant-free survival (discovery), mortality (validation) Teoh et al. [15], 2020 Yes Australia (multicentre) 231 IPF 69.9±8.3 71 80.3±22 48.2±16.8 ≥0.95×109 cells·L−1 Baseline Survival Zhang et al. [14], 2022 Yes China (multicentre) 34 IPF 64.5±9.46 82.69 77.39±20.31 40.36±18.71 >0.67×109 cells·L−1 After admission to hospital Survival Barratt et al. [9], 2021 No UK 281 fHP 70 (65–80) 41 79 (65–94) 50 (43–64) ≥0.95×109 cells·L−1 At the point of diagnosis Survival Bernardinello et al. [16], 2022 No Italy 77 Newly diagnosed IPF 70 (53–81) 83 80 (50–125) 57 (30–106) Continuous At diagnosis and within at least 1 year following antifibrotic therapy FVC decline ≥5% predicted over 1 year Kim et al. [11], 2021 No Multinational 1659 ILA 78±6 55 NA NA 1sd increment At first clinic visit ILA progression Lv et al. [20], 2022 No China 351 (pooled) Anti-MDA5 positive DM-ILD 53.11±11 33.6 NA NA >0.24×109 cells·L−1 Weekly for first 4 weeks of hospital admission 6-month all-cause mortality Shao et al. [21], 2022 No Austria 95 (derivation) Fibrotic ILD 70.9±1.5 66.6 81±3.1 54.8±2.7 ≥0.65×109 cells·L−1 Baseline Relative FVC decline ≥10% or DLCO decline ≥15% at 1 year, death or lung transplant CT: computed tomography; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; DM: dermatomyositis; fHP: fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis; FVC: forced vital capacity; ILA: interstitial lung abnormalities; ILD: interstitial lung disease; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; MDA5: melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; NA: not applicable/available; UIP: usual interstitial pneumonia.
Supplementary Material
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Supplementary material ERR-0072-2023.SUPPLEMENT
