Figures
- FIGURE 1
Radiological and pathological appearance of a SMARCA4-deficient tumour. a) Initial chest radiograph and computed tomographic (CT) scan showing a mediastino-pulmonary tumour (*) with positivity on positron emission tomography; b) histology of the initial biopsy at medium magnification showing an undifferentiated tumour infiltrating fat, with mitoses and necrosis (*; top right); c) post-chemotherapy chest radiograph and CT scan showing tumour regression and macroscopic appearance of the surgical specimen showing a necrotic tumour infiltrating the left pulmonary upper lobe lung and pericardium (*).
- FIGURE 2
Radiological and pathological typical features of a multilocular thymic cyst. a) Computed tomographic (CT) scan showing the lesion in the anterior mediastinum; b) positron emission tomography showing a moderate hypermetabolism (standardised uptake value 3.7); c) gross appearance of the multilocular cystic lesion; d) histological appearance at low magnification showing several cavities with thick fibroinflammatory walls.
- FIGURE 3
Radiological and histological typical features of Müllerian cysts of the mediastinum. a, b) Magnetic resonance imaging showing a paravertebral cystic lesion; c) histological features at low magnification showing a cystic lesion resembling a fallopian tube; d) histological appearance of the ciliated epithelium of the cyst at high magnification; e) immunohistochemistry showing strong oestrogen receptor nuclear expression.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Frequencies of sex and age of 942 consecutive primary tumours and cysts of the mediastinum encountered in a 10-year period (2010–2019) at Marie Lannelongue Hospital (Le Plessis Robinson, France)
Cases Sex Age years Total F M Range Mean Thymic lesions 507 (53.8) Congenital cyst 44 (8.55) 20 24 27–81 64.10 Multilocular cyst 7 (1.39) 4 3 31–62 29.61 Cholesteroloma 3 (0.59) 0 3 25–53 35.07 Myasthenia gravis 138 (27.4) 92 46 8–69 31.19 Hyperplasia without myasthenia gravis 36 (7.16) 20 16 8–79 35.82 Thymolipoma 2 (0.4) 1 1 20–61 40.86 Thymomas 239 (47.5) 121 111 9–90 58.43 Thymic carcinomas 27 (5.37) 12 15 14–82 52.46 Carcinoid tumours 11 (2.19) 2 9 28–72 53.33 Nonthymic cysts 61 (6.5) Bronchogenic 20 (32.8) 12 8 7–64 41.42 Pleuro-pericardial 38 (62.3) 19 19 9–74 52.25 Müllerian 3 (9.84) 3 0 47–57 52.09 Lymphomas 104 110 14–84 41.20 214 (22.7) Diffuse large B-cell 81 (37.9) 42 39 15–84 44.49 Hodgkin lymphoma 110 (51.4) 55 55 14–77 36.72 T-lymphoblastic 10 (4.67) 2 8 18–63 45.60 Miscellaneous 13 (6.07) 5 8 25–83 58.06 Germinal cell tumours 16 55 0–74 30.73 71 (7.5) Teratoma 25 (35.2) 14 11 0–74 28.16 Malignant nonseminomatous 37 (52.1) 2 35 15–65 31.96 Seminoma 9 (12.7) 0 9 20–48 32.80 Benign connective tumours 63 (6.7) Castleman disease 4 (6.35) 2 2 30–77 45.65 Lipoma 4 (6.35) 2 2 55–61 59.50 Angioma 10 (15.9) 3 7 0–74 47.89 Schwannoma 25 (39.7) 16 9 10–78 46.72 Neurofibroma 5 (7.94) 2 3 42–56 44.37 Ganglioneuroma 6 (9.52) 4 2 6–60 30.03 Paraganglioma 9 (14.3) 6 3 15–78 53.25 Miscellaneous malignancies 26 (2.8) Sarcomas 21 (80.8) 12 9 6–79 43.03 Undifferentiated malignant tumours 5 (19.2) 3 2 18–48 41.30 942 (100) Data are presented as n (%) or n, unless otherwise stated. F: female; M: male. Bold type represents significant features.
- TABLE 2
Frequency of myasthenia gravis and Masaoka–Koga stages according to histological types of thymomas in a series of 239 cases encountered in a 10-year period (2010–2019) at Marie Lannelongue Hospital (Le Plessis Robinson, France)
Cases Myasthenia gravis Masaoka–Koga I/II III/IV A 24 (10) 1 (4.2) 18 (75) 6 (25) AB 62 (25.9) 7 (11) 52 (83.9) 10 (16.1) Micronodular 5 (2.09) 0 (0) 4 (80) 1 (20) B1 36 (15.1) 15 (42) 20 (58.8) 14 (41.2) B2 69 (28.9) 37 (54) 40 (59.7) 27 (40.3) B3 40 (16.7) 22 (55) 10 (25.6) 29 (74.4) Unclassified 3 (1.26) 1 (33) 1 (100) 0 (0) Total 239 (100) 83 (35) 145 (62.5) 87 (37.5) Data are presented as n (%). Bold type represents significant features.
