Sinclair [21] | Atlanta, USA | 1998–2000 | 10–100 nm (μm2·cm−3) | nano-SMPS, SMPS, LASAIR | 249.33±244.09 μm2·cm−3 | Asthma (ICD9: 439) visits adults, children; LRTI (ICD9: 460–66 477, 466.1, 480–486) adults | Cumulative lags 0–2, 3–5 | 8 |
Peel [22] | Atlanta metropolitan area, Georgia, USA | August 1998–August 2000 | 10–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | No information | 38 000±40 700 particles·cm−3 | Respiratory emergency room visits all ages (ICD9: 460–465; 466.0; 480–486; 491–493; 496; 786.09) | Cumulative lags 0–2 | 9 |
Atkinson [25] | London, UK | 2000–2005 | Missing | TSI | 18 769 (10 456) particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) 0–14 years; >65 years | Individual lags 0–6 | 7 |
Leitte [20] | Beijing, China | March 2004–December 2006 | 3–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | TSI models 3010, 3025, 3321 | 22 000±9800 particles·cm−3 | Selected respiratory emergency room visits all ages (ICD10: J00–J06; J18; J20; J30–J39;J40–J47) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 0–1, 0–2, 0–3, 0–4, 0–5 | 8 |
Díaz-Robles [24] | Temuco, Chile | 2009–2011 | Missing | MOUDI 100-NR model | 8 (4.73) μg·m−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) <5 years; 5–64 years; >65 years; other respiratory admissions (ICD10: missing) <5 years; >65 years | Individual lags 0–5 | 4 |
Evans [23] | New York, USA | 2006–2009 | 10–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | TSI | 5151±2359 particles·cm−3 | Asthma visits (ICD: missing) children 3–10 years | Individual lags 1–7 | 7 |
Samoli [18] | Barcelona, Spain | 2005–2010 | 5–1000 nm (particles·cm−3) | TSI WCPC3785 | 19 554±8044 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) all ages; 0–14 years, 15–64 years, 65 years; Asthma (ICD10: J 45) all ages; LRTI (ICD 10: J09–J18, J20–J22) all ages; COPD (ICD10: J40–J44, J47) all ages | Individual lags 0–10 | 10 |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 2001–2011 | 10–110 nm (particles·cm−3) | Custom-built DMPS using a Vienna type medium DMA and a TSI CPC 3010 | 5105±2563 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) all ages; 0–14 years, 15–64 years, 65 years; asthma (ICD10: J 45) all ages; LRTI (ICD 10: J09–J18, J20–J22) all ages; COPD (ICD10: J40–J44, J47) all ages | Individual lags 0–10 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 2001–2010 | 10–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMA TSI307+CPC TSI3022/Hauke-type DMA+CPC TSI3025 Hauke-type DMA+CPC TSI3010 | 7951±4912 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) all ages; 0–14 years, 15–64 years, 65 years; Asthma (ICD10: J 45) all ages; LRTI (ICD 10: J09–J18, J20–J22) all ages; COPD (ICD10: J40–J44, J47) all ages | Individual lags 0–10 | |
| Rome, Italy | 2001–2010 | 7 nm–3 μm (particles·cm−3) | TSI 3022A | 34 043±20 164 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) all ages; 0–14 years, 15–64 years, 65 years; asthma (ICD10: J 45) all ages; LRTI (ICD 10: J09–J18, J20–J22) all ages; COPD (ICD10: J40–J44, J47) all ages | Individual lags 0–10 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 2001–2005 and 2008–2010 | 2001–2005: 7 nm–3 μm 2008–2010: 4 nm–3 μm (particles·cm−3) | TSI 3022 (2001–2005), TSI 3775 (2008–2010) | 9128±4320 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) all ages; 0–14 years, 15–64 years, 65 years; Asthma (ICD10: J 45) all ages; LRTI (ICD 10: J09–J18, J20–J22) all ages; COPD (ICD10: J40–J44, J47) all ages | Individual lags 0–10 | |
Samoli [17] | London, UK | 2011–2012 | 7 nm–3 μm (particles·cm−3) | TSI 3022 | Missing (IQR 5180 particles·cm−3) | All respiratory admissions (ICD10: J00–J99) 0–14 years; 15–64 years; 65+ years; | Lag 2 | 8 |
Lanzinger [26] | Augsburg, Germany | 2011–2012 | 20–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMPS/SMPS | 5880±3016 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions all ages, > and <75 years (ICD10: J00–J99) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 01, 25, 05 | 10 |
| Chernivtsi, Ukraine | 2013–March 2014 | 20–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMPS/SMPS | 5511±2615 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions all ages, > and <75 years (ICD10: J00–J99) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 01, 25, 05 | |
| Dresden, Germany | 2011–2012 | 20–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMPS/SMPS | 4286±2339 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions all ages, > and <75 years (ICD10: J00–J99) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 01, 25, 05 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 2012–2013 | 20–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMPS/SMPS | 4693±1897 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions all ages, > and <75 years (ICD10: J00–J99) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 01, 25, 05 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 2012–2013 | 20–100 nm (particles·cm−3) | DMPS/SMPS | 4197±2010 particles·cm−3 | All respiratory admissions all ages (ICD10: J00–J99) | Individual lags 0–5, Cumulative lags 01, 25, 05 | |