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Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure: which recipe for success?

Raffaele Scala, Lara Pisani
European Respiratory Review 2018 27: 180029; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0029-2018
Raffaele Scala
1Pulmonology and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, S Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
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Lara Pisani
2Respiratory and Critical Care Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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  • FIGURE 1
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    FIGURE 1

    Time frames for the application of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure (ARF) according to the severity and end-of-life choices of patients. ETI: endotracheal intubation; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; NIV: noninvasive ventilation; EXT-F: extubation failure.

  • FIGURE 2
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    FIGURE 2

    Evidence-based indications for noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) according to the severity and time of acute respiratory failure (ARF) [18]. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ACPE: acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema; CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome.

  • FIGURE 3
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    FIGURE 3

    Integrated strategies to reduce noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation failure in different clinical–physiological scenarios. ECCO2R: extra-corporeal carbon dioxide removal; HFNC: high-flow nasal cannula; FBO: fibre-optic bronchoscopy; HFCWO: high-frequency chest wall oscillation; IPV: intrapulmonary percussive ventilation; VILI: ventilator-induced lung injury.

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Vol 27 Issue 149 Table of Contents
European Respiratory Review: 27 (149)
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Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure: which recipe for success?
Raffaele Scala, Lara Pisani
European Respiratory Review Sep 2018, 27 (149) 180029; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0029-2018

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Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure: which recipe for success?
Raffaele Scala, Lara Pisani
European Respiratory Review Sep 2018, 27 (149) 180029; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0029-2018
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  • Acute lung injury and critical care
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Series

  • The role of vaccination in COPD
  • Pulmonary rehabilitation and physical interventions
  • The role of diet and nutrition in the management of COPD
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Highlights in Acute Respiratory Failure

  • Patients with acute respiratory failure treated with NIV
  • ARDS: challenges in patient care and frontiers in research
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