Figures
- FIGURE 1
Flow chart showing the results of the bibliographic search. PFT: pulmonary function test.
- FIGURE 2
Attempt to evaluate changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) with time after lobectomy and segmentectomy. Changes are expressed as a percentage of the pre-operative FEV1 value. Logarithmic trendlines are the best-fit curved lines to the data. Data from [4–6, 8–11, 13–16].
Tables
- TABLE 1
Studies providing pre- and post-segmentectomy pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
First author
[ref.]Year Patients
nOpen/VATS PFT delay
monthsInitial
FEV1 % predFEV1
variation %Initial
DLCO % predDLCO variation % Initial FVC % pred FVC
variation %Ginsberg [4] 1995 71 Open 6 −1.76±15.3 +1.93±19.4 12–18 −5.18±16.1 +0.52±22.1 Takizawa [16] 1999 40 Open 0.5 105.0±23.6 −26.7±16.4 101.4±16.5 −27.3±12.5 12 −6.7±10.3 −5.1±10.6 Yoshikawa [18] 2002 55 Open 12 −13.4±10.4 −11.3±9.8 Keenan [8] 2004 54 Open 12 55.3±3.0 −5# 67.5±3.0 −17# 72.8±2.5 −5# Martin-Ucar [11] 2005 34 Both 4 (3–6) 45 (19–54) +12 (−2 to +47) Harada [5] 2005 38 Mini-thoracotomy 2
675.0±3.8 −15#
−12#3.13±0.67 L¶ −15#
−10#Okada [13] 2006 168 Open 2 2.32±0.64 L¶ −9.4# 3.16±0.84 L¶ −10.4# Yoshimoto [19] 2009 56 NA 12 (6–24) 2.2±0.6 L¶ −12±9 109±14 Watanabe [17] 2009 41 VATS 6 74.2±10.4 −3# 110.4±25.6 −7# Kashiwabara [7] 2009 71 Open 6 109.4±20.8 Normal FEV1: −12.9±8.7;
FEV1 <70%: −13.8±9.9111.15±12.3 Normal FEV1: −13.4±8.6;
FEV1 <70%: −16.0±11.8Saito [14] 2014 52 Open 1 77.6±7.7 −28±7 107.1±19.9 −14±6 6 −19±7 −10±5 Hwang [6] 2015 94 VATS NA 101.6±24.0 −8.9±10.8 92.7±17.4 100.8±16.3 Kim [9] 2015 73 VATS 3 100.1±18.9 −4.83±8.74 104.2±20.7 −3.44±11.49 99.7±13.8 −4.45±7.30 12 −2.75±8.10 −0.38±22.11 −2.01±8.33 Macke [10] 2015 89 Both 6–36 79±22 −4.3±17.4 63±22 −3.6±15.8 Suzuki [15] 2016 37 Both 2 73.3±9 −18.6# 3.06±0.68 L¶ −18.2# 7–12 −12.2# −6.6# Nomori [12]+ 2016 117 Open 7 (6–13) <2 seg: 105±23;
≥2 seg: 114±23;
LUD: 117±27<2 seg: −3±10;
≥2 seg: −10±9;
LUD: −16±7Data are expressed as mean±sd or mean (range). Variation data are relative to the initial values. VATS: video-assisted thoracic surgery; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; FVC: forced vital capacity; Open: thoracotomy; Both: VATS and thoracotomy; NA: not available. #: calculated from data or extracted from figures; ¶: absolute values in L given where no % pred values available; +: compared resections <2 segments (<2 seg), ≥2 segments (≥2 seg), and of the left upper division (LUD).
- TABLE 2
Studies comparing lobectomy and segmentectomy functional consequences
First author [ref.] Year Procedure Patients n Mean pre-operative FEV1 % pred PFT delay months Mean FEV1 change % Ginsberg [4] 1995 Lobectomy 71 93% patients >50% 6 −9.1 12–18 −11.09 Segmentectomy 67 93% patients >50% 6 −1.76# 12–18 −5.18# Takizawa [16] 1999 Lobectomy 40 105 0.5 −26.7 12 −13.7 Segmentectomy 40 109 0.5 −24.5# 12 −6.7# Keenan [8] 2004 Lobectomy 147 75 12 −10¶ Segmentectomy 54 55 12 −5¶ Martin-Ucar [11] 2005 Lobectomy 12 44 3–6 −12 Segmentectomy 11 45 3–6 +12# Harada [5] 2005 Lobectomy 45 74 2 −24¶ 6 −18¶ Segmentectomy 38 75 2 −15#,¶ 6 −12#,¶ Okada [13] 2006 Lobectomy 168 2.32 L+ 2 −16.8 Segmentectomy 168 1.93 L+ 2 −9.4 Kashiwabara [7] 2009 Lobectomy 47 107 6 Normal FEV1: −18.9 FEV1 <70%: −12.8 Segmentectomy 71 109 6 Normal FEV1: −12.9# FEV1 <70%: −13.8 Saito [14] 2014 Lobectomy 126 77 1 −28 6 −19 Segmentectomy 52 78 1 −22 6 −10# Hwang [6] 2015 Lobectomy 94 101 NA −11.0 Segmentectomy 94 102 NA −8.9 Kim [9] 2015 Lobectomy 227 109 3 −13.6 12 −8.49 Segmentectomy 73 100 3 −4.84# 12 −1.74# Macke [10] 2015 Lobectomy 70 85 6–36 −8.2 Segmentectomy 89 79 6–36 −4.3# Suzuki [15] 2016 Lobectomy 33 75 2 −29 7–12 −11 Segmentectomy 37 73 2 −19 7–12 −12 Nomori [12]§ 2016 Segmentectomy 117 <2 seg: 105 7 (6–13) <2 seg: −3# ≥2 seg: 114 ≥2 seg: −10# LUD: 117 LUD: −16 Lobectomy 13 LUL: 114 LUL: −17 FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; PFT: pulmonary function test; NA: not available. #: significant difference between lobectomy and segmentectomy; ¶: calculated from data or extracted from figures; +: absolute values in L given where no % pred values available; §: compared resections <2 segments (<2 seg), ≥2 segments (≥2 seg), of the left upper division (LUD) and left upper lobectomy (LUL).
