Figures
- FIGURE 1
Systems medicine-based approaches in interstitial lung diseases seek to analyse biological products (e.g. RNA, DNA, proteins, metabolites, microbiome, etc.) and, through massive data generation and integration with clinical features, help to identify biomarkers that can predict disease phenotypes. OTU: operational taxonomic unit; MUC5B: mucin 5B; ICAM-1: intracellular adhesion molecule-1; MMP-7: metalloproteinase-7; TOLLIP: Toll-interacting protein; TERT: telomerase reverse transcriptase.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Potential interstitial lung disease (ILD) targets identified through systems medicine-based approaches
Target Reference(s) IPF Genomics MUC5B [7, 8] TOLLIP [9] let-7, mir-30, mir-155, mir-21 [15] mir-29 [15, 16] Proteomics CCL24, surfactant protein A2, NF-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ [20–22] Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α [23] Ficolin-2, cathepsin-S, legumain, inducible T-cell costimulator, trypsin-3 [25] Metabolomics Ornithine [27] Lactate dehydrogenase-5 [28] 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 [51] Microbiome Staphylococcus OTU 1348 [30–32] Streptococcus OTU 1345 [30] Peripheral blood phenotyping Metalloproteinase-7 [33] CD28, inducible T-cell costimulator, lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase, interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase [34, 35] Neoepitopes BGM, C1M, C3M, C5M, C6M, CRPM [36] Plasma B-lymphocyte stimulating factor, B-cells [37] Myeloid-derived suppressor cells [38] Familial IPF Genomics TERT, TERC, DKC1, TINF2, RTEL1, PARN [12, 13] SFTPA2, SFTPC, ABCA3 [12, 14] Non-IPF ILDs Genomics Telomere length [43] RTEL1 [44] DPP9, DSP, FAM13A, IVD, DISP2, OBFC1, ATP11A, MUC2 [45] ADAMTS4, ADAMTS9, AGER, HIF1A, SERPINE2, SELE, RTKN2, PI15 [48] IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; OTU: operational taxonomic unit. See main text for further details of gene symbols.
Supplementary Material
O. Eickelberg ERR-0021-2017_Eickelberg
