COPD | Preclinical | Human MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 0.1, 5, 25 or 125×103 MSCs·g-1 | i.v. | Elastase-induced emphysema in mice | Reduced fibrosis, reduced inflammation | [10] |
COPD | Preclinical | Human MSCs, cord blood-derived | 5×104 MSCs per mouse | i.v. | Cigarette smoke-induced COPD in mice | Reduced inflammation, increased regeneration | [11] |
COPD | Preclinical | Rat MSCs | 6×106 MSCs per rat | i.t. | Cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats | Reduced inflammation, improved lung function | [12] |
COPD | Preclinical | Rat MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 6×106 MSCs per rat | i.t. | Cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats | Reduced inflammation | [13] |
COPD | Preclinical | Human MSCs, bone marrow or iPSC-derived | 3×106 bone marrow-derived MSCs or iPSC-derived MSCs per mouse | i.v. | Cigarette smoke-induced COPD in mice | Reduced inflammation | [14] |
COPD | Clinical | Allogeneic human MSCs, bone marrow-derived, non-HLA-matched | 4-monthly infusions of 100×106 MSCs per patient | i.v. | Phase 2, prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo (vehicle)-controlled (n=62) | MSC treatment was safe, no improvement of lung function, reduced levels of CRP | [15] |
Emphysema | Clinical | Allogeneic human MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 1×108 MSCs per patient | Br. | Phase 1, prospective, patient-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled (n=10) | MSC treatment was safe, reduced systemic inflammation | [16] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Human MSCs, umbilical cord- and bone marrow-derived | 1×107 human MSCs·kg-1 | i.v. | Escherichia coli-induced ALI in rats | Prolonged animal survival, reduced inflammation | [17] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Syngeneic murine MSCs | 2.5×105 MSCs per mouse | i.v. | LPS-induced ALI in mice | Reduced inflammation, reduced lung permeability | [18] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Syngeneic murine MSCs | 5×105 MSCs per mouse | i.v. | Bleomycin-induced ALI in mice | Prolonged animal survival, reduced inflammation | [19] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Human MSCs | 5×105 MSCs per mouse | i.t. | LPS-induced ALI in mice | Prolonged animal survival, reduced pulmonary oedema | [20] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Rat MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 5×106 MSCs per rat | i.v. | LPS-induced ALI in rats | Reduced inflammation, reduced lung permeability | [21] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Rat MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 5×106 MSCs per rat | i.v. | LPS-induced ALI in rats | Reduced inflammation, reduced lung injury | [22] |
ALI/ARDS | Preclinical | Human MSCs, menstrual blood-derived | 1×106 cells per mouse | i.v. | LPS-induced ALI in mice | Reduced inflammation, reduced lung permeability, reduced lung injury | [23] |
ALI/ARDS | Clinical | Allogeneic human MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 1×106, 5×106 or 10×106 MSCs·kg-1 | i.v. | Phase 1, multicentre, open-label, dose-escalation study (n=9) | MSC treatment was safe Improvement of mean lung injury score and SOFA score Decrease in levels of IL-6 and IL-8 | [24] |
ALI/ARDS | Clinical | Allogeneic human MSCs, adipose tissue-derived | 1×106 MSCs·kg-1 | i.v. | Phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled pilot study (n=12) | MSC treatment was safe | [25] |
IPF | Preclinical | Allogeneic murine MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 5×104 MSCs·g-1 | i.v. | Bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice | Reduced fibrosis | [26] |
IPF | Preclinical | Allogeneic murine MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 5×105 MSCs per mouse | i.v. | Bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice | Reduced inflammation | [27] |
IPF | Preclinical | Human MSCs, Wharton's jelly-derived | 1×106 MSCs per mouse | i.v. | Bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice | Reduced inflammation | [28] |
IPF | Preclinical | Human MSCs, adipose-derived | 40×106 MSCs·kg-1 | i.v. | Bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice | Reduced fibrosis | [29] |
IPF | Preclinical | Syngeneic MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 5×105 MSCs per mouse | i.t. | Bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice | Improved pulmonary respiratory functions, reduced fibrosis | [30] |
IPF | Preclinical | Autologous rat MSCs, bone marrow-derived | 2×106 MSCs per rat | i.v. | Silica instillation-induced fibrosis in rats | Reduced fibrosis | [31] |
IPF | Clinical | Allogeneic human MSCs, placenta-derived | 1×106 or 2×106 MSCs·kg-1 | i.v. | Phase 1b, single-centre, nonrandomised, dose escalation study (n=8) | MSC treatment was safe No evidence of worsening fibrosis | [32] |
IPF | Clinical | Autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs | 5×105 MSC·kg-1 | i.v. | Phase 1b, prospective, nonrandomised, not placebo-controlled (n=14) | MSC treatment was safe | [33] |