Figures
- FIGURE 1
Each dot represents a participant's rating (n=124) during the constant load submaximal exercise test at 60 W and during the incremental maximal exercise test at the 60 W stage. Dashed line represents line of identity. RPB: ratings of perceived breathlessness (Borg scale 0–10). Data from [7, 8] and unpublished data.
- FIGURE 2
Representation of a commonly used cardiopulmonary exercise testing protocol in our clinical patients showing two steady-state levels (4–5 min each), a rest period (∼15 min) and the incremental increase to volitional exhaustion (1 min each level until max).
- FIGURE 3
Frequency distribution of ratings of perceived breathlessness (RPB) in 171 otherwise healthy obese women. Data from [15, 16] and unpublished data.
- FIGURE 4
Relationship between dyspnoea ratings and minute ventilation (V′E) during an incremental cycling test. Data from 18 middle-aged obese and 13 age-matched non-obese women, and 68 obese women with and 55 obese women without dyspnoea on exertion (DOE) are presented. Data are presented as mean±se. Reproduced and modified from [30] with permission from the publisher.
- FIGURE 5
Retrospective analysis showing that the oxygen cost of breathing is similar between obese women with and without dyspnoea on exertion (DOE) (p>0.05).
- FIGURE 6
Schematic diagram of the potential psychophysiological mechanism of perception of breathlessness in obese adults with dyspnoea on exertion. 1: increased afferent feedback; 2: increased corollary discharge from the respiratory control centre; 3: decreased gating threshold for sensory transmission; 4: decreased or increased input from gating modifiers. V′O2: oxygen uptake; PaCO2: arterial carbon dioxide tension. Reproduced from [24] with permission from the publisher.
