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Tobacco control in Europe: a policy review

Roberto Bertollini, Sofia Ribeiro, Kristina Mauer-Stender, Gauden Galea
European Respiratory Review 2016 25: 151-157; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0021-2016
Roberto Bertollini
1WHO Office at the European Union, Brussels, Belgium
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  • For correspondence: bertollinir@weu.who.int
Sofia Ribeiro
1WHO Office at the European Union, Brussels, Belgium
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Kristina Mauer-Stender
2WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gauden Galea
2WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
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    FIGURE 1

    Status of the transposition of the European Union Tobacco Products Directive onto national legislation.

Tables

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  • TABLE 1

    The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control [14]: overview and summary of main sections

    SectionArticles
    I) Introduction2) “[…]members are encouraged to implement measures beyond those required by this Convention[…]”
    II) Objective, guiding principles and general obligations3–5) Establish the objective, guiding principles and general obligations engendered by the treaty
    III) Measures related to the reduction of demand for tobacco6–14) Demand side reduction measures, including smoking indoors, contents of tobacco products, packaging and labelling, training and public awareness, tobacco advertising, and support for reducing tobacco dependence and cessation
    IV) Measures relating to the reduction of supply of tobacco15–17) Eliminating illicit trade of tobacco products, prohibition of selling tobacco to underage persons and provision of economically viable alternative activities
    V) Protection of the environment18) Risks of tobacco growing to human health and to the environment
    VI) Questions related to liability19) Taking legislative action or promoting their existing laws to deal with liability
    VII) Scientific and technical cooperation and communication of information20–22) National and international research surveillance for tobacco control, reporting on the implementation of the Convention, and cooperation to strengthen capacity for implementing the Convention
    VIII) Institutional arrangements and financial resources23–26) Establishment and convening of sessions of the COP, functions of the Convention secretariat, relations between the COP and intergovernmental organisations, and financial support for national programmes
    IX–X) Settlement of disputes and development of the Convention28–29) Development of the convention
    30–38) “Final provisions” covering statutory matters such as means of acceding to the Convention, entry into force, etc.
    • COP: Conference of the Parties.

  • TABLE 2

    Full implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) main indicators in the 53 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region

    IndicatorCountries with full implementation
    Ratification of the WHO FCTC50 (94.3%)
    Raise tobacco taxes#29 (54.7%)
    Laws on smoke-free public places¶10 (18.9%)
    Cessation programmes+8 (15.1%)
    Ban on advertising, promotion and sponsorship§4 (7.6%)
    Pictorial warnings labels on packagingƒ3 (5.7%)
    • #: more than 75% of the price is tax; ¶: all public places are completely smoke-free or at least 90% of the population is covered by complete subnational smoke-free legislation; +: the country has a national quit line, and both nicotine replacement therapy and some cessation services are cost covered; §: a ban on all forms of direct and indirect advertising; ƒ: should be large, with all appropriate characteristics. Data from [17].

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European Respiratory Review: 25 (140)
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Tobacco control in Europe: a policy review
Roberto Bertollini, Sofia Ribeiro, Kristina Mauer-Stender, Gauden Galea
European Respiratory Review Jun 2016, 25 (140) 151-157; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0021-2016

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Tobacco control in Europe: a policy review
Roberto Bertollini, Sofia Ribeiro, Kristina Mauer-Stender, Gauden Galea
European Respiratory Review Jun 2016, 25 (140) 151-157; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0021-2016
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
    • The Tobacco Products Directive
    • Status of policy implementation in Europe: the 2014 TPD
    • Other international instruments for tobacco control
    • Conclusions and future actions
    • Footnotes
    • References
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More in this TOC Section

  • The air of Europe: where are we going?
  • Screening for COPD: the gap between logic and evidence
  • Considerations of the new WHO lung adenocarcinoma classification
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