An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: research questions in COPD

TABLE 2

Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale

Grade	Description
0	Not troubled with breathlessness, except during strenuous exercise
1	Troubled by shortness of breath when hurrying or walking up a slight hill
2	Walks slower than people of the same age due to breathlessness or has to stop for breath when walking at own pace on a level surface
3	Stops for breath after walking about 100 m or after a few minutes on a level surface
4	Too breathless to leave the house or breathless when dressing or undressing

TABLE 3

Composite prognostic indexes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Composite index	Components	[Ref.]
BODE	BMI, FEV₁, mMRC dyspnoea scale and 6MWD	[31]
mBODE	BMI, FEV₁, mMRC dyspnoea scale and V´O₂peak	[32]
eBODE	BMI, FEV₁, mMRC dyspnoea scale, 6MWD and exacerbation rate	[33]
BODEx	BMI, FEV₁, mMRC dyspnoea scale and exacerbation rate	[34]
Inflammatory BODE	BODE, inflammatory biomarkers, age and hospitalisation history	[35]
ADO	Age, mMRC dyspnoea scale and FEV₁	[36]
DOSE	mMRC dyspnoea scale, FEV₁, smoking status and exacerbation rate	[37]
CODEx	Comorbidity, obstruction, dyspnoea and previous severe exacerbations	[39]

BODE: body mass index (BMI), airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, exercise capacity; mBODE: modified BODE in which 6MWD is replaced by peak oxygen consumption; eBODE: exacerbations added to the original BODE; BODEx: exacerbations replace 6MWD in the original BODE; inflammatory BODE: inflammatory markers added to the original BODE; ADO: age, dyspnoea and airflow obstruction index; DOSE: dyspnoea, airflow obstruction, smoking status and exacerbations index; CODEx: comorbidities, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea and exacerbations index;. FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (severity of airflow obstruction); mMRC: modified Medical Research Council; 6MWD: 6-min walking distance; V´O₂peak: peak oxygen consumption.

Vol 24 Issue 136 Table of Contents

Subjects