Tables
- Table 1. Patient risk assessment
Parameter Stable and satisfactory Stable and not satisfactory Unstable and deteriorating ESC/ERS guidelines Current case ESC/ERS guidelines Current case ESC/ERS guidelines Current case Clinical RV failure No Yes Yes Rate of progression Slow Rapid Rapid Syncope No No Yes NYHA FC I, II III IV IV 6MWD m >500# 300–500 <300 220 V′O2peak mL·min−1·kg−1 >15 12–15 <12 Not determined BNP/NT-proBNP Normal/near normal Elevated Very elevated/increasing Very elevated Echocardiography findings No PE and TAPSE >2.0 cm TAPSE 1.5–2.0 cm PE and/or TAPSE <1.5 cm PE and TAPSE 1.2 cm Haemodynamics RAP <8 mmHg and CI
≥2.5–3.0 L·min−1·m−2RAP 8–15 mmHg or CI
2.0–2.5 L·min−1·m−2RAP 12 mmHg RAP >15 mmHg and/or CI ≤2.0 L·min−1·m−2 CI 1.6 L·min−1·m−2 ESC: European Society of Cardiology; ERS: European Respiratory Society; RV: right ventricular; NYHA: New York Heart Association; FC: functional class; 6MWD: 6-min walking distance; V′O2peak: peak oxygen uptake; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-BNP; PE: pericardial effusion; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; RAP: right atrial pressure; CI: cardiac index. #: depending on age, height, weight, aetiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and presence of comorbidities. Adapted from [3] with permission from the publisher.
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Vol 23 Issue 134
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Connective tissue disease associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension: management of a patient with severe haemodynamic impairment
