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Interstitial lung disease

Katerina M. Antoniou, George A. Margaritopoulos, Sara Tomassetti, Francesco Bonella, Ulrich Costabel, Venerino Poletti
European Respiratory Review 2014 23: 40-54; DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00009113
Katerina M. Antoniou
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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  • For correspondence: kantoniou@med.uoc.gr
George A. Margaritopoulos
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Sara Tomassetti
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Francesco Bonella
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Ulrich Costabel
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Venerino Poletti
1Dept of Thoracic Medicine and Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 2Pulmonary Unit, GB Morgagni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. 3Dept of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Tables

  • Table 1. Progress made in the field of interstitial lung disease
    Key messages
        According to the new classification, IIPs are categorised as major, rare and unclassifiable
        MDD discussion is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of the IIPs
        For entities with heterogeneity in the clinical course and that are difficult to classify, a disease behaviour classification complementary to IIP classification has been proposed
        IPF is a progressive and lethal fibrosing lung disease with an unpredictable course
        Disease stratification aims to identify subgroups of patients who present similar characteristics and should be treated accordingly or enrolled in treatment trials
        Gene polymorphisms related to host defence and cell repair are associated with the development of IPF
        Markers of IPF progression have been identified by blood transcriptomic and proteomic studies
        A combination of blood transcriptome with demographic and functional characteristics provides better information on the outcome of IPF
        Early diagnosis and treatment of IPF comorbidities may have a positive effect on patients quality of life
        Disease stratification and early identification of patients more likely to progress, and thus need more aggressive treatment, is also important in CTD-ILD
        Predicting the clinical course of sarcoidosis, especially lung fibrosis and cardiac and neurological involvement, is still challenging
        Potential novel genomic biomarkers, such as multi-gene signatures, can be useful to predict complicated sarcoidosis
        In the presence of cardiac sarcoidosis, ICD therapy may be used as a component of an aggressive primary prevention strategy, especially in those patients with ventricular dysfunction
        As second-line therapy in sarcoidosis, methotrexate and azathioprine are equally effective in terms of pulmonary function improvement and have a significant steroid-sparing effect
    • IIP: idiopathic interstitial pneumonia; MDD: multidisciplinary diagnosis; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; CTD: connective tissue disease; ILD: interstitial lung disease; ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator.

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Interstitial lung disease
Katerina M. Antoniou, George A. Margaritopoulos, Sara Tomassetti, Francesco Bonella, Ulrich Costabel, Venerino Poletti
European Respiratory Review Mar 2014, 23 (131) 40-54; DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00009113

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Interstitial lung disease
Katerina M. Antoniou, George A. Margaritopoulos, Sara Tomassetti, Francesco Bonella, Ulrich Costabel, Venerino Poletti
European Respiratory Review Mar 2014, 23 (131) 40-54; DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00009113
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Update of the international multidisciplinary classification of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
    • Advances in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of IPF
    • Adding pieces to the complex IPF clinical profile puzzle
    • ILD associated with collagen tissue disorders
    • Sarcoidosis
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  • Diffuse parenchymal lung disease
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • Paediatric respiratory infections
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