Figures
- Figure 1.
a) Pressure tracings from the aorta (AO) and pulmonary artery (PA), demonstrating systemic levels of pulmonary arterial pressures. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure is 54 mmHg. b) Cardiac magnetic resonance showing the large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), with bidirectional shunting between the PA to the descending AO. c) Computed tomography of the thorax demonstrating an area of intrapulmonary haemorrhage in the left upper lung (white arrow). The PDA is also seen between the AO and PA (black arrow).
Tables
- Table 1. Types of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in congenital heart disease
A. Eisenmenger syndrome Includes all systemic-to-pulmonary shunts due to large defects leading to a severe increase in PVR and a reversed (pulmonary-to-systemic) or bidirectional shunt. Cyanosis, erythrocytosis, and multiple organ involvement are present B. PAH associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts Patients with moderate-to-large defects, in which the increase in PVR is mild-to-moderate, left-to-right shunt is still largely present and no cyanosis is present at rest C. PAH with small defects Patients with a clinical picture very similar to idiopathic PAH, who have (coincidental?) small cardiac defects: a ventricular septal defect <1 cm and an atrial septal defect <2 cm D. PAH after corrective cardiac surgery Congenital heart disease has been corrected but PAH is still present immediately after surgery, or has recurred several months or years after surgery in the absence of significant post-operative residual congenital lesions or defects that originate as sequelae of previous surgery PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance. Reproduced with modification from [2].
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Vol 22 Issue 130
Table of Contents
Eisenmenger syndrome in an adult patient with a large patent ductus arteriosus
