TABLE 1

Pulmonary manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis

Parenchymal
 Interstitial lung disease (i.e. usual interstitial pneumonia, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, acute   interstitial pneumonia/diffuse alveolar damage and organising pneumonia)
Pleural disease
 Pleural effusion
 Pneumothorax
 Bronchopleural fistula
 Trapped lung syndrome
Airway obstruction
 Cricoarytenoid arthritis
 Bronchiectasis
 Follicular bronchiolitis
 Obliterative (constrictive) bronchiolitis
Nodules
 Rheumatoid nodules
 Caplan syndrome
Vascular disease
 Rheumatoid vasculitis
 Pulmonary hypertension
Other
 Drug toxicity
 Infection
 Malignancy
 Thoracic cage restriction
 Thromboembolic disease