Inflammation type |
Implication of neutrophils |
Signalling pathways |
Excessive activation of transcription factors: nuclear factor-κB and activator protein-1 |
Increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase activity |
Cooperation |
Impairment of β2-adrenoreceptor function |
Imbalance in corticosteroid receptors (decreased α/β ratio) |
Raised histone acetylation |
Reduced histone-deacetylase expression |
Inflammation and oxidative stress consequences |