| With Down's syndrome# | Without Down's syndrome¶ | |||||
| Basal | Follow-up | p-value | Basal | Follow-up | p-value | |
| Clinical status | ||||||
| Sp,O2 % | 83±9 | 84±9 | 0.07 | 84±9 | 85±8 | 0.2 |
| Heart rate beats·min−1 | 90±11 | 85±8 | 0.0001 | 91±14 | 84±11 | 0.0003 |
| WHO functional class | 2.9±0.6 | 2.5±0.5 | 0.005 | 2.9±0.5 | 2.5±0.5 | 0.000002 |
| Exercise tolerance (6MWT) | ||||||
| Distance travelled m | 239±74 | 288±71 | 0.0007 | 343±86 | 389±80 | 0.00003 |
| Heart rate at end of exercise beats·min−1 | 117±19 | 109±9 | 0.03 | 117±19 | 111±20 | 0.04 |
| Sp,O2at end of exercise % | 72±10 | 74±10 | 0.011 | 69±13 | 73±12 | 0.005 |
| Borg index | 5.7±2.6 | 3.5±1.6 | 0.0003 | 5.0±2.1 | 4.3±1.9 | 0.001 |
| Heart catheterisation | ||||||
| Pra mmHg | 13±5 | 12±6 | 0.14 | 11±4 | 11±4 | 0.6 |
| mPAP mmHg | 66±21 | 60±17 | 0.06 | 74±18 | 73±21 | 0.6 |
| mPpcw mmHg | 11±3 | 12±3 | 0.16 | 11±3 | 12±3 | 0.9 |
| Qp L·m−1·m−2 | 3.5±1.4 | 4.0±1.6 | 0.006 | 2.8±1.0 | 3.5±1.4 | 0.0005 |
| Qs L·m−1·m−2 | 3.6±1.3 | 3.4±1.7 | 0.37 | 3.3±1.3 | 3.7±1.9 | 0.064 |
| Qp/Qs | 1.0±0.4 | 1.4±0.7 | 0.003 | 0.9±0.3 | 1.1±0.7 | 0.012 |
| PVRI Wood units | 20±13 | 15±9 | 0.007 | 26±15 | 20±10 | 0.002 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. Sp,O2: arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry; WHO: World Health Organization; 6MWT: 6-min walk test; Pra: right atrial pressure; mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure; mPpcw: mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; Qp: pulmonary flow; Qs: systemic flow; PVRI: pulmonary vascular resistance index. #: n=18; ¶: n=56. Reproduced from [48] with permission from the publisher.