Monotherapyversus combination therapy of hospital-acquired pneumonia
| First author [Ref.] | Drugs | Result improvement % | Comments |
| Mangi [6] | Cefoperazone versus cefazol/gentamicin or clindamycin/gentamicin | 87 versus 72 | Lower cost for monotherapy |
| Fink [7] | Ciprofloxacin versus imipenem | 69 versus 56 | Seizures in 6% with imipenem and 1% with ciprofloxacin |
| Cometta [8] | Imipenem versus imipenem/netilmicin | 80 versus 86 | Combination: 6 nephrotoxic reactions |
| Rubinstein [9] | Ceftazidime versus ceftriaxone/tobramycin | 85 versus 77 | Combination: 9 nephrotoxic reactions |
| Sieger [10] | Meropenem versus ceftriaxone/tobramycin | 89 versus 72 | Monotherapy better for nosocomial pneumonia# |
| Alvarez Lerma [11] | Meropenem versus ceftazidime/amikacin | 68 versus 55 | Monotherapy better for VAP¶ |
VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia. #: p = 0.04; ¶: p = 0.044.