Comparison of predetermined sample sizes per outcome measure
| Study (exercise method) | Sample size n | Breathlessness (n = 24) | Walk distance (n = 16) | Endurance (n = 39) |
| Babb [28] (CPET) | 10 | × | NA | × |
| Eves [29] (CPET) | 10 | × | NA | × |
| Johnson [30] (CPET) | 39 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Laude [31] (ISW) | 21 | × | ✓ | × |
| Marciniuk [32](6MWT) | 16 | × | ✓ | × |
| Oelberg [33] (CPET) | 18 | × | NA | × |
| Palange [34] (CPET) | 12 | × | NA | × |
| Richardson [35] (CPET) | 10 | × | NA | × |
CPET: cardiopulmonary exercise testing; ISW: incremental shuttle walking; 6MWT: 6-min walk test; ×: insufficient sample size to determine statistical significance; ✓: sufficient sample size to determine statistical significance; NA: not applicable.