Study | Disease (n) | Setting | Baseline pH | ETI or surrogate | Mortality | Mode plus settings cm H2O and use on day 1, when stated |
Bott et al. 5 | COPD (60) | Ward | 7.35 | 0/30 versus 5/30 | 3/30 versus 9/30 | Volume cycled ventilators |
Use 7.63 h on day 1 | ||||||
Brochard et al. 1 | COPD (85) | ICU | 7.28 versus 7.27 | 25 versus 74%# | 9 versus 29%# | PSV 20 |
Use at least 6 h per day | ||||||
Kramer et al. 2 | Mixed (31) | ICU | 7.28 versus 7.27 | 31 versus 73%# | 1/16 versus 2/15 | IPAP 11.3 EPAP 2.6 |
COPD (23) | 7.29 versus 7.27 | 9 versus 67%# | ||||
Use 20.1 h on day 1 | ||||||
Barbe et al. 6 | COPD (24) | ER | 7.33 | 0/12 versus 0/12 | 0/12 versus 0/12 | IPAP 14.8 EPAP 5 |
Ward | ||||||
Use 2×3 h sessions per day | ||||||
Angus et al. 8 | COPD (17) | Ward | 7.31 versus 7.30 | 0/9 versus 5/8 | 0/9 versus 3/8 | IPAP 14–18 cm H2O |
Wood et al. 7 | Mixed (27) | ER | 7.35 versus 7.34 | 7/16 versus 5/11 | 4/16 versus 0/11 | |
COPD (6) | ||||||
Avdeev et al. 11 | COPD (58) | RICU | 7.28 | 12 versus 28% | 8 versus 31%# | Bilevel 29±25 h |
Celikel et al. 3 | COPD (30) | ICU | 7.27 versus 7.28 | 1/16 versus 6/15# | 0/15 versus 1/15 | PSV 15.4 for mean of 26.7 h |
Bardi et al. 9 | COPD (30) | Ward | 7.36 versus 7.39 | 1/15 versus 2/15 | 0/15 versus 1/15 | IPAP 13 EPAP 3 |
Martin et al. 4 | COPD (23) | ICU | 7.27 versus 7.28 | 6.4 versus 21.3#/100 ICU days | 2.4 versus 4.27/100 ICU days | IPAP 11 EPAP 5.7 |
Others (38) | 103 versus 110 | |||||
Plant et al. 10 | COPD (236) | Ward | 7.32 versus 7.31 | 15% versus 27%# | 10% versus 20%# | IPAP 10–20 EPAP 5 h |
Use median 8 h on day 1 | ||||||
Thys et al. 15 | COPD (12) | ER | 7.28 versus 7.24 | 0% versus 100%# | 2/10 versus 1/10 | Bilevel versus sham |
CPO (8) | ||||||
Dikensoy et al. 14 | COPD (34) | Ward | 4/19 versus 7/17 | 1/17 versus 2/17 | IPAP 9 EPAP 3 | |
Conti et al. 16 | COPD (49) | ICU | 7.20 | 48% avoided ETI | 26% versus 46% | PSV 16+2 continuously first 12 h |
Data presented as n or n±sd, unless otherwise stated. ETI: endotracheal intubation; ICU: intensive care unit; PSV: pressure support ventilation; IPAP: inspiratory positive airway pressure; EPAP: expiratory positive airway pressure; ER: emergency room; RICU: respiratory intermediate care unit; CPO: cardiographic pulmonary oedema. #: p<0.05.