TY - JOUR T1 - Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: diagnostic difficulties in small biopsies and cytological specimens JF - European Respiratory Review JO - EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW DO - 10.1183/16000617.0007-2017 VL - 26 IS - 144 SP - 170007 AU - Lukas Bubendorf AU - Sylvie Lantuejoul AU - Adrianus J. de Langen AU - Erik Thunnissen Y1 - 2017/06/30 UR - http://err.ersjournals.com/content/26/144/170007.abstract N2 - The pathological and molecular classification of lung cancer has become substantially more complex over the past decade. For diagnostic purposes on small samples, additional stains are frequently required to distinguish between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, for advanced nonsquamous cell nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, predictive analyses on epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase and ROS1 are required. In NSCLCs negative for these biomarkers, programmed death ligand-1 immunohistochemistry is performed. Small samples (biopsy and cytology) require “tissue” management, which is best achieved by the interaction of all physicians involved.Tissue management is required to perform diagnostic and predictive testing in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma http://ow.ly/Ogeq30adDvN ER -